If your child is anxious, talk with the doctor before the test about ways to make it easier. A small bruise or mild soreness around the blood test site is common and can last for a few days. Get medical care for your child if the discomfort gets worse or lasts longer.
If you have questions about the immunoglobulin test, speak with your doctor or the health professional doing the blood draw. Reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is a Blood Test? What Is an Immunoglobulin Test?
The types of antibodies are: Immunoglobulin A IgA : It's found in the linings of the respiratory tract and digestive system , as well as in saliva spit , tears, and breast milk.
Immunoglobulin G IgG : This is the most common antibody. It's in blood and other body fluids, and protects against bacterial and viral infections. IgG can take time to form after an infection or immunization. Immunoglobulin M IgM : Found mainly in blood and lymph fluid, this is the first antibody the body makes when it fights a new infection.
Immunoglobulin E IgE : Normally found in small amounts in the blood. There may be higher amounts when the body overreacts to allergens or is fighting an infection from a parasite.
Immunoglobulin D IgD : This is the least understood antibody, with only small amounts in the blood. Why Are Immunoglobulin Tests Done? How Is an Immunoglobulin Test Done? To do that, a health professional will: Clean the skin. Put an elastic band tourniquet above the area to get the veins to swell with blood. If your results are not normal, it doesn't necessarily mean you have a medical condition needing treatment.
The use of certain medicines, alcohol, and recreational drugs can affect your results. If you have questions about your results, talk to your health care provider. Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results.
Your health care provider may order other tests to help make a diagnosis. These tests might include urinalysis , other blood tests, or a procedure called a spinal tap. During a spinal tap, a health care provider will use a special needle to remove a sample of a clear liquid, called cerebrospinal fluid, from your back. The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice.
Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. Immunoglobulins Blood Test. What is an immunoglobulins blood test? What is it used for? An immunoglobulins blood test may be used to help diagnose a variety of conditions, including: Bacterial or viral infections Immunodeficiency, a condition that reduces the body's ability to fight infections and other diseases An autoimmune disorder , such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
Certain types of cancer, such as multiple myeloma Infections in newborns. Why do I need an immunoglobulins blood test? What happens during an immunoglobulins blood test? Put the needle into the vein. More than one needle stick may be needed. Attach a tube to the needle to fill it with blood.
Remove the band from your arm when enough blood is collected. Put a gauze pad or cotton ball over the needle site as the needle is removed. Put pressure on the site and then put on a bandage. How It Feels The blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm.
Risks There is very little chance of a problem from having a blood sample taken from a vein. You may get a small bruise at the site. You can lower the chance of bruising by keeping pressure on the site for several minutes. In rare cases, the vein may become swollen after the blood sample is taken. This problem is called phlebitis. A warm compress can be used several times a day to treat this. Results An immunoglobulins test is done to measure the level of immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies , in your blood.
Normal The normal values listed here—called a reference range—are just a guide. Levels of IgA also get higher in some autoimmune diseases , such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus SLE , and in liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and long-term chronic hepatitis. In multiple myeloma, tumor cells make only one type of IgG antibody monoclonal ; the other conditions cause an increase in many types of IgG antibodies polyclonal. High levels of IgM can mean macroglobulinemia , early viral hepatitis, mononucleosis , rheumatoid arthritis, kidney damage nephrotic syndrome , or a parasite infection is present.
Because IgM antibodies are the type that form when an infection occurs for the first time, high levels of IgM can mean a new infection is present. High levels of IgM in a newborn mean that the baby has an infection that started in the uterus before delivery. How IgD works in the immune system is not clear.
A high level may mean IgD multiple myeloma is present. A high level of IgE can mean a parasite infection is present. Also, high levels of IgE often are found in people who have allergic reactions, asthma, atopic dermatitis , some types of cancer, and certain autoimmune diseases. In rare cases, a high level of IgE may mean IgE multiple myeloma. Low values IgA. Some people are born with low or absent levels of IgA antibodies. Low levels of IgA occur in some types of leukemia , kidney damage nephrotic syndrome , a problem with the intestines enteropathy , and a rare inherited disease that affects muscle coordination ataxia-telangiectasia.
A low level of IgA increases the chance of developing an autoimmune disease. Low levels of IgG occur in macroglobulinemia. In this disease, the high levels of IgM antibodies stop the growth of cells that make IgG. Other conditions that can cause low levels of IgG include some types of leukemia and a type of kidney damage nephrotic syndrome. In rare cases some people are born with a lack of IgG antibodies.
These people are more likely to develop infections. Low levels of IgM occur in multiple myeloma, some types of leukemia, and in some inherited types of immune diseases. Low levels of IgE can occur in a rare inherited disease that affects muscle coordination ataxia-telangiectasia. What Affects the Test Reasons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpful include: Taking certain medicines. Be sure your doctor knows all of the medicines you take.
Some medicines that affect test results include ones used for birth control, heart failure, seizures, and rheumatoid arthritis. Having cancer treatments, both radiation and chemotherapy. Receiving a blood transfusion in the past 6 months.
Getting vaccinations immunizations , especially vaccinations with repeat booster doses, in the past 6 months. Using alcohol or illegal drugs.
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